Liquid spraying device



July 1938- H. 1.1 IFREIDMAN Er AL 2,124,551

LIQUID SPRAYING DEVICE Filed March 4, 1935' Ismaentors HENRY L.FR|EDMANBu MAX POLLOCK attornegs Patented July 26, 1938 UNHTED' STATES PATENTOFFICE LIQUID SPRAYING DEVICE Application March 4, 1935, Serial No.9,182

7 Claims.

This invention, as indicated, relates to a liquid spraying device. Moreparticularly, it comprises a structure providing means for sprayingliquid over extended areas especially where water pressures are low andwhere other types of devices cannot be used effectively.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide a structureof few parts and simple and economical to manufacture and assemble, andof large area of effectiveness.

Another object of the invention is to combine with a structure providinghydraulic pressure below a plurality of orifices together with airpressure, means for maintaining and supplementing the normal hydraulicpressure of the device.

A further object of the invention is to provide a combined air pressureand hydraulic pressure device wherein the liquid in a reservoir rises toa point substantially above the point 'of discharge of the fluid, and inaddition may be subjected to the action of an air cushion to control theflow of liquid.

Another object of the invention is to introduce a jet controlling effectwhich will increase the range of action of the device.

Other and further objects of the invention will appear in the course ofthe following description.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, said invention,then, consists of the means hereinafter fully described and particularlypointed out in the claims, the annexed drawing and the followingdescription setting forth in detail certain structures embodying theinvention, such disclosed means constituting, however, but several ofvarious forms iii-which the principle of the invention may be used.

In said annexed drawing:

Figure 1 is a central vertical sectional view of one type of structureembodying the principles of the invention;

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the structure fied form of multiple unitembodying the principles of the invention;

Figure 10 is a perspective View, cut away in part, showing the pulsatingvane mechanism; and

Figure 11 is a fragmentary detail view showing the speed regulatingdevice for the pulsating vane.

The invention as illustrated in the drawing may embody a number ofdifferent forms, all acting under one general principle, but havingdifferent structural characteristics and producing somewhat differenteffects in use.

As shown more particularly in Figures 1 and 2, one type of constructionembodying the principles of the invention may comprise a casing ofsubstantially semi-spherical shape, the casing being formed ofa circularbase I having a marginal flange 2 extending upwardly, and having asemi-spherical top member 3 engaged within said fiange' and securedthereto in liquid-tight relation. Centrally of the under side of theupper member a cylindrical member '4 is provided, the upper end of saidmember being secured by soldering or the like to the upper inner wall ofthe upper member, and the open lower end 5 being spaced a slightdistance from the base member. The cylindrical member 4 is thus adaptedto provide an air cushioning chamber when the remainder of the casing isfilled with liquid;

The liquid supply is provided through an inlet terminal 6 secured to theupper member adjacent the base member of the casing. A screwthreadedcoupling member 1 of conventional form is supported upon the outer endof the inlet nected with a liquid supply having low pressure will have alarge radius of action for the jets emerging through the apertures B forthe reason that such apertures collectively are of substantially lessarea than the aperture of the inlet member 6 and thus the full liquidpressure of the line will be imposed upon each of the jets, issuingthrough the small perforations; The cylindrical member 4 will serve tocapture air within its upper portion 9 when the casing is filled andthis air cushion will serve to maintain substantial uniformity of thejetseven though there may be minor fluctuations from time to time in thepressure of the supply line.

In the form of construction shown in Figure 3, all the parts are similarto those shown in Figures 1 and 2, with the exception of the memberproviding the air chamber, which, in the form shown in Figure 3, is nota cylindrical member but an integrally formed inverted cup-shaped memberhaving a base member |2 conforming to the contour of the semi-sphericalupper wall of the chamber, and having its side walls |3 taperingdownwardly and inwardly to an open neck portion M of less width than thewidth of the bottom of said chamber. 'The member may be readily attachedto the under face of the upper member of the casing by soldering orsweating the same into secure engagement, and due to its shape willretain the air cushioning in operative and cover opposite lateralquadrants of the cen-.

tral member IS. The central member i6 is provided with lateral couplings2|, 22, respectively,

which are connected by means of short sections of hose or pipe 23, 24,with the couplings 25, 26

of the respective end members. The main water supply is received throughthe coupling 21: onthe central member which is connected with the gardenhose or other source of liquid to be distributed.

Under certain conditions it maybe desirable'to provide an air chamber onthe fluid reservoir in an elevated position in the manner shown-inFigures 6 to 9, inclusive, such air chambers being adapted to containliquid at a level somewhat above the level of the discharge apertures ofthe device a and having. an air cushioning member, above the. elevatedliquid column.- Each of the forms illustrated embodies a somewhatdifferent structural combination;

The device shown in Figure 6 comprises a casing of substantially theshapeof that shown'in Figure 1, having a base plate 3|, anuppersemispherical member 32 provided withapertures 33 around itsmid-circumferential area, and provided centrally with a screw-threadedopening 34 within which is engaged-the screw-threaded shank 35 of atubular member open at itslower end'36 and having an enlarged bulbshaped closed upper end to provide. an air chamber. IA lock nut 38serves to hold'the adjustable air cushioningfmember in any predeterminedposition of adjustment. The

liquid supply is "received through a tube 4| having an upwardly turnedinnerend 42 engaged cene trally in alinement with the adjustable aircushion member and preferably entering the same to a slight'kdegreep Theliquid supply may be directly connected with the inlet tube 4| ,or saidtube may have interposedbetween its'liquid supply connection 43 and itsdischarge end, a device for creating pulsating effects in the liquidsupply stream.

The device for creating such pulsating effects 7 -may take, variousforms, but the structure shown 7 175 in Figures 10 "and ll willserve-'to mo'mentarily obstruct the free flow of liquid through theinlet passageway and thereafter open to a position of full flow andsubsequently again reduce the flow, so that intermittent pressureeffects will be obtained. The device in detail comprises a casing 44provided at one end with a couplingmember 45 and at its opposite endwith a connection with the inlet tube 4|. A substantially Y-shaped vane41 is provided within the casing which 'is of rectangular cross-section.The Y-shaped member has a transverse pivot member 48 at a centralposition and such pivot member passes through a packing gland 49 andterminates in a disk 5| on the upper side of the casing. A retardingdevice in the form of a spring finger 52 is secured at its opposite end53 to the upper side of the casing and is provided with a tensionadjusting member 54' having its shank extending through an 7 aperture insaid spring and having a screwthreaded lower end 55 engaged in ascrewthreaded recess 56 in the upper casing wall, whereby any desiredtension may be placed upon the spring finger, thus creating apredetermined amount of friction upon the terminal 5| of the pivotmember of the movable vane.

In the construction shown in Figure "7, thechamber is substantially ofthe shape shownin Figure 1, but the air chamber device is formed bymeansof a cylindrical section of pipe GI, having a screw-threaded centralportion 62 engaged through a central aperture 63 in the upper casing 7member 64. The pipe l5 is closed at its upper end by means of a cap 55screw-threadedly engaged thereover. V The devicedifie'rs' from'thatshown in Figure 1 .inthat the air. cushion is supported above a columnof liquid at a higher level than the level of the discharge'aperturethroughthe casing. 7

The structure shown in Figure 8is likewise similar to that shown inFigure 1, the upper casing member 1| being formed with an upwardly vprojecting socket l2 within'which is' securely en'- gaged a cylindricalmember 13 which projects downwardly toward the base member, its openlower end 14 being spaced therefrom any desired distance. Thecylindrical member 13 may be screw-threadedly engaged within'the centralsec tion I? of the upper member or may be soldered or. sweated intopermanently secured position within the same.

In the form of construction shown 'in Figure 9, a series of units havingsubstantially'the structural characteristics of the device showninFigure 6, is provided. 7 In such device a'single el0n-' gated conduit 8|is provided, connected at one end 82 with a source of fluid supply andhaving a' series of upstanding discharge "members 83 positionedcentrally beneath inverted bulb shaped air cushioning -members" 84which: are engaged 7 through apertures 85 centrally of the walls of "theupper members 86 of the respective casings; The

air cushioning members may be adjustable in the manner shown-in Figure 6'or may be'permar 'nently secured in predetermined.relation'to thecasing as shown in Figure 9. The discharge perforations are preferablypositioned in the manner similar to those shown in Figure 4, and thetotal collective area of the discharge perforations is of 82 of theconduitin advance ofits connection to r the source of liquid supply. e i

The different forms of structure shown are; in-.

tended to be merely illustrative and not exhaustive of all the forms ofsuch devices which may be provided within the scope of the claims of theapplication. The device, when used as a lawn sprinkler, will exhibit awide range of coverage and the flow will be maintained substantiallyuniform owing to the air cushioning efiect of the air chamber within thedevice. Where, however, the supply line is provided with a device tocause pulsating or intermittent flow of fluid into the pressure chamber,the discharge of the device will be a pulsating effect and will have avery wide range of action during the maximum pressure conditionsdeveloped by the hydraulic ram effect induced through the intermittentflow.

Other modes of applying the principle of our invention may be employedinstead of those explained, change being made as regards the structureherein disclosed, provided the means stated by any of the followingclaims or the equivalent of such stated means be employed.

We therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as ourinvention:

1. An apparatus of the character described having in combination, asubstantially closed chamber having an inlet passageway connected with asource of liquid under pressure and having a series of dischargeorifices in at least one wall thereof, the orifices being of less areacollectively than the area of the inlet passageway, and a verticallypositioned tube having a closed top and an open lower end in spacedrelation to the bottom of said chamber and providing air cushioningmeans for the liquid within the chamber located substantially centrallyof said chamber.

2. An apparatus of the character described having in combination, asubstantially closed chamber having a fiat bottom and an upper area ofsubstantially semi-spherical contour, an elongated hollow member open atits lower end and closed at its upper end and engaged in liquidtightrelation through the upper portion of said chamber and having its openlower end in spaced relation to the bottom of said chamber, an inletopening adjacent the lower portion of said chamber, and a plurality ofdischarge orifices in the upper portion of said chamber, said orificesbeing collectively of less area than the area of the inlet opening.

3. An apparatus of the character described hav ing in combination, asubstantially closed chamber having a fiat bottom and an upper area ofsubstantially semi-spherical contour, an elongated at its upper end andengaged vertically in liquidtight relation through the upper portion ofsaid chamber and having its open lower end in spaced relation to thebottom of said chamber, means for adjusting the vertical position ofsaid hollow member, an inlet opening adjacent the lower portion of saidchamber, and a plurality of discharge orifices in the upper portion ofsaid chamber, said orifices being collectively of less area than thearea of the inlet opening.

4. An apparatus of the character described having in combination, asubstantially closed chamber having a fiat bottom and an upper area ofsubstantially semi-spherical contour, an elongated hollow member open atits lower end and closed at its upper end and engaged vertically inliquidtight relation through the upper portion of said chamber andhaving its open lower end in spaced relation to the bottom of saidchamber, means for adjusting the vertical position of said hollowmember, means for locking said member in adjusted position, an inletopening adjacent the lower portion of said chamber, and a plurality ofdischarge orifices in the upper portion of said chamber, said orificesbeing collectively of less area than the area of the inlet opening.

5. An apparatus of the character described having in combination, asubstantially closed chamber having a fiat bottom and an upper area ofsubstantially semi-spherical contour, an elongated hollow member open atits lower end and closed at its upper end and engaged in liquidtightrelation through the upper portion of said chamber and having its openlower end in spaced relation to the bottom of said chamber, an inletconduit for liquid extending through the lower portion of said chamberand terminating in a vertical discharge nozzle positioned centrallybeneath the lower open end of said hollow member, and a plurality ofdischarge orifices in the upper portion of said chamber, said orificesbeing collectively of less area than the area of the inlet opening.

6. An ap-paratus of the characterdescribed having in combination, asubstantially closed chamber having a fiat bottom and an upper area ofsubstantially semi-spherical contour, an elongated hollow member open atits lower end and closed at its upper end and engaged vertically inliquidtight relation through the upper portion of said chamber andhaving its open lower end in spaced relation to the bottom of saidchamber, means for adjusting the vertical position of said hollowmember, an inlet conduit for liquid extending through the lower portionof said chamber and terminating in a vertical discharge nozzlepositioned centrally beneath the lower open end of said hollow member,and a plurality of discharge orifices in the upper portion of saidchamber, said orifices being collectively of less area than the area ofthe inlet opening.

7. An apparatus of the character described having in combination, asubstantiallyclosed chamber having a fiat bottom and an upper area ofsub stantially semi-spherical contour, an elongated hollow member openat its lower end and closed at its upper end and engaged vertically inliquid-- tight relation through the upper portion of said chamber andhaving its open lower end in spaced relation to the bottom of saidchamber, means for adjusting the Vertical position of said hollowmember, means for locking said member in adjusted position, an inletconduit for liquid extending through the lower portion of said chamberand terminating in a vertical discharge nozzle positioned centrallybeneath the lower open end of said hollow member, and a plurality ofdischarge orifices in the upper portion of said chamber, said orificesbeing collectively of less area than the area of the inlet opening.

HENRY L. FRIEDMAN. MAX POLLOCK.

